Aha biro 3 by’okwezi kwa kataano 2023, EPA ekashohoza ekiteiso ky’ekiragiro ky’okurinda akabi k’ekicweka kya 6(a) eky’ebiragiro by’okurinda obutwa (TSCA) ekirikutaho obuzibu aha kuhanga, okureeta omu ihanga, okukora, okugaba, n’okukoresa dichloromethane. okukozesa solvent omu mirimo etari emwe n’emwe ey’abaguzi n’eby’obushuubuzi. Eki nikyo kiragiro ky‘okubanza ekya EPA ekiteirweho eky‘okurinda akabi kuruga obu kyashohoza enshoboorora y‘akabi ehindwirwemu omwaka oguhweire kurugiirira aha nkora yaayo ensya “ey‘okukoresa emibazi yoona” n‘enkora erikushaba abakozi obutajwara eby‘okwerinda (PPE). . Kandi nikyoreka okutunguuka kw‘amaani kw‘ebiragiro ebirikuzibira ebirikukwata aha miringo y‘emibazi ebaire eherize kuteebwaho ebiragiro bya TSCA eby‘okurinda akabi, n‘obu oburemeezi obwo bwabaire buri obw‘okuzibira munonga ahansi y‘omutindo gw‘ebikorwa by‘okurinda akabi ogwa EPA ogwabandize.
EPA neteekateeka okuzibira okukora, okukora n’okujanjaaza dichloromethane ahabw’eby’obushuubuzi ahabw’okukoresa omu maka; okuzibira okukoresa kwa dichloromethane okurikukirayo omu makorero n’omu by’obushuubuzi; nikyetengyesa ngu enteekateeka y‘okurinda emibazi y‘okukoresa omu myanya y‘okukoreramu (WCPP) egume neekora kandi ehereze obwire obumwe obutaine bugarukiro bw‘okukoresa eby‘okukoresa ebikuru kurugiirira aha TSCA Ekicweka kya 6(g) eky‘okukoresa methylene chloride ekirikubaasa kureetera okushiisha kw‘amaani aha bukuumi bw‘eihanga n‘eby‘obugaiga ebikuru. Abakwatsirweho baine kuhisya ebiro 3.07.2023 kuha ebiteekateeko byabo aha kiragiro eki.
Omu kuteekateeka aha nkora z‘okurinda akabi ka dichloromethane, EPA ekashanga ngu okugarukamu kukoresa ekintu eki omu kukozesa kw‘abaguzi, eby‘obushuubuzi, n‘amakorero nikyetengyesa ebikorwa by‘okutegyeka, okukira munonga okuzibira, nk‘oku kirikworekwa omu kipande kya 3 eky‘ebiragiro ebiteirweho. Bingi aha mbeera z‘okukoresa ezi nizitwariramu, kwonka tizirikugarukira ahari, okukoresa methylene chloride omu makorero n‘omu by‘obushuubuzi omu kuboneza ebirungo, erangi n‘ebintu ebirikujwara (n‘okwozya), okukyendeeza amajuta g‘omuyaga, ebikwato by‘okuhamya, ebikwato by‘okukinga, ebikwato by‘okukinga, emyenda n‘ebijwaro, n‘ebintu by‘okureeberera emotoka. , ebirungo by’okusiiga n’okusiiga, okuzibira emipiira, okutimba amajuta na gaasi, eby’okuzaanisa, eby’okuzaanisa n’eby’emizaano, n’ebintu by’obuveera n’ebipiira. EPA nayo eshangire ngu okukoresa kwa dichloromethane kwona okukyebeirwe kw’abaguzi nikwetenga kwemerezibwa.
EPA neegira ngu ebirikwetengyesa omu kiteiso eki nibizibira okukoresa okurikukwata ahari kimwe kya kashatu ky’ebintu byona ebirikukorwa omu mwaka (TSCA n’okukoresa okutari kwa TSCA) ebya methylene chloride ebirikukorwa, “okusigaho ebibiina ebirikumara ebirikugyendera omu nkora kuha entandikwa ei EPA erikuteekateeka kwikiriza.” okugumizamu n‘okukoresa Enkozesa ezi ezikuru nari ez‘okubanza nizirabira omu Kushohoza kw‘okukoresa okukuru nari WCPP.
EPA ku erikushanga ngu ekintu ekimwe kiine akabi akatari k‘oburyo k‘okushiisha amagara g‘abantu nari eby‘obuhangwa omu kucondooza kwayo aha kabi, eine kuha enteekateeka z‘eby‘okureeberaho by‘okureeberera akabi kuhika aha rurengo orurikwetengyesa kugira ngu ekintu ekyo kitagaruka kugira akabi nk‘ako. EPA ku erikutaho oburemeezi bw‘okurinda akabi aha mubazi, eshemerire kuteekateeka aha by‘entasya ebirikuruga omu kiragiro eki, obariiremu esente n‘ebirungi, okukoresa gye esente, n‘ebirikuruga omu biragiro aha by‘entaasya, bizinesi nkye, n‘okukora ebintu bisya omu bya tekinologiya. yaaba ekintu ekyo kiine kwemerezibwa Emiringo endiijo erikubaasa kukorwa omu by‘obuhangwa n‘eby‘entaasya eriho.
EPA neeha ekiteiso ky'okuzibira okukozesa methylene chloride n'ebiro ebi birikutandika kukora:
EPA kandi etaireho okumanyisa n'okubiika ebihandiiko ahari za kampuni ezirikuha abaguzi methylene chloride.
Okukozesa dichloromethane kwihaho erangi n’ebintu ebirikujwarwa omu kukozesa abaguzi tikuri omu kuzibira oku, ahabw’okuba okukozesa oku kwaheza kushangwa omu kiragiro kya EPA eky’okurinda akabi ekya hati ekyashohoziibwe omu 2019, ekihandiikirwe omu 40 CFR § 751.101.
Ekicweka kya 6(g) ekya TSCA nikiikiriza EPA okushohoza emiringo endiijo kuruga omu byetaago by‘ebiragiro by‘okureeberera akabi ahabw‘okukoresa okukuru nari okukuru oku EPA erikureeba ngu kuriho. Kandi nikiikiriza okurekura EPA yaaba neereeba ngu okukuratira ekiragiro eki nikiija kureetera eby’entaasya y’eihanga kushiisha munonga, oburinzi bw’eihanga, nari eby’obugaiga ebikuru. Ekitongore ky’okurinda eby’obuhangwa ekya America nikihabura ngu omu mbeera ezi:
Ekiteiso kya EPA ekya WCPP eky‘okukoresa ekiikiriziibwe kya dichloromethane kirimu ebyetaago ebihikire eby‘okurinda abakozi obutakwatwaho, obariiremu okurinda okuhuuta, okukozesa PPE, okureeba ngu baakwatwaho, okutendeka, n‘ebicweka ebitebeekanisiibwe. Nikirungi kumanya ngu EPA eteireho ekikomo ky‘okukoresa emibazi eriho (ECEL) ahabw‘ebicweka bya methylene chloride ebiri omu mwanya ebiri ahaiguru y‘ebicweka 2 ahari buri miriyoni (ppm) kurugiirira aha nkora y‘obwire bw‘eshaaha 8 (TWA), eri ahansi munonga y‘ekikomo ky‘okukoresa emibazi ekirikwikirizibwa hati ekya OSHA diELchro P5. Omutindo gw‘ebikorwa ogurikuteekateekwaho gukaba nigwija kuba ekicweka ky‘omuhendo gwa ECEL, ekirikubaasa kureetaho emirimo y‘okureeberera endiijo kureeba ngu abakozi tibaakwatwaho ebiteekateeko ebiri ahaiguru ya ECEL. EPA nayo neehabura ngu hateho ekipimo ky‘okukyebera eky‘obwire bukye (EPA STEL) kya 16 ppm omu bwire bw‘okukyebera obw‘edakiika 15.
Omu mwanya gw’okuzibira, EPA neeha enteekateeka z’okurinda abakozi omu mbeera ezi:
Okukora: Nk’ekintu ekirikukyebera. Yetegyereze ngu EPA neeikiriza okukozesa oku kugumizamu ahansi ya WCPP ahabwokuba neeteekateeka ngu omuhendo muhango gwa dichloromethane nigugaruka kukoresibwa ahabw’enkozesa ezi, haihi zoona nizikoresibwa kuhanga HFC-32. HFC-32 n’ekimwe aha bintu ebirikutegyekwa ahansi y’ebiragiro bya America eby’okuhanga n’okukora ebintu (AIM Act) ebya 2020. EPA neeteekateeka ngu okuha orusa HFC-32, okutaho ebiragiro ebi tikurikwija kuremesa okuteeraho kuza omu miringo y’okukyendeeza obutagatsi bw’ensi.
Okukozesa omu makorero nari omu by’obushuubuzi kwihaho erangi n’ebintu ebirikusiigwa kuruga omu ndegye eziine oburinzi bw’amaani, ezirikubaasa kusheenya n’ebicweka by’enyonyi z’omu mwanya eziine nari ezirikukoresibwa ekitongore ky’eby’okwerinda ekya US, NASA, eby’okwerinda omu ihanga, n’ekitongore ky’eby’enyonyi ekya Federal Aviation Administration, ekitongore, nari ekitongore ekirikukorera abakozi omu myanya nari ekitongore ekirikutegyeka,
Okukozesa omu makorero nari omu by’obushuubuzi nk’ekikwato ky’okuhamya acrylic na polycarbonate omu motoka z’amahe n’ez’omu mwanya ezirikwetengyesa munonga, otwariiremu n’okukora bateri z’omutaano nari abakozi b’ebitongore.
Abakwatsirweho abarikukora, abarikukora, abarikugaba, nari abarikukoresa methylene chloride omu muringo ogundi ahabw‘embeera yoona ey‘okukoresa erikukyeberwa EPA nibabaasa kukunda kugamba aha bintu bingi eby‘ekiragiro eki ekirikuteekateekwaho eky‘okutaho eky‘okureeberaho. Abarikwenda kutunga obuhwezi nibabaasa kuteekateeka aha kuhayo sente ahari EPA omu bintu ebi:
Okushwijuma enkora y‘okureeberera akabi aha mbeera z‘okukoresa: abakwatsirweho nibabaasa kwenda kushwijuma yaaba ebyetaago by‘okureeberera akabi ebiteirweho ahari buri mbeera y‘okukoresa nibikwatagana n‘okushwijuma akabi ka EPA aka methylene chloride ahari buri mbeera y‘okukoresa na EPA. TM Obushoboorozi bw‘ebiragiro ahansi y‘ekicweka kya 6 ekya TSCA. Nk‘eky‘okureeberaho, EPA yaashanga ngu okukoresa oruhu rwa methylene chloride omu mbeera ezimwe z‘okukoresa nikireetaho akabi akatari k‘oburyo, kandi EPA yaaba neeyenda ebirikukira aha kurinda oruhu kukyendeeza akabi, abakwatsirweho nibabaasa kwenda kushwijuma oburungi bw‘ebyetengo ebyo eby‘okwongeraho. .
Ebishare: EPA neeteekateeka ngu esente ezirikweyongyera ezitarikukingaho eziine akakwate n‘ekiragiro eki ekiteirweho niziija kuba ziri miriyooni 13.2 eza doola omu myaka 20 aha nkora ya 3% y‘okukyendeeza aha sente kandi miriyooni 14.5 eza doola omu myaka 20 aha nkora ya 7%. Abakwatsirweho nibabaasa kwenda kushwijuma yaaba esente ezi ezirikuteekateekwaho nizikwata aha nshonga zoona z‘okuta omu nkora ekiragiro ekiteirweho, obariiremu esente z‘okugaruka kutaho (okuzibira okukoresa) nari okukuratira embeera za WCPP kwikiriza okugumizamu n‘okukoresa, obariiremu okukuratira ECEL 2 ppm.
Ebyetaago bya WCPP: Ahabw‘embeera z‘okukoresa ezi EPA erikuteekateeka kuzibira, abakwatsirweho nibabaasa kukyebera yaaba baine amakuru agarikuhagira okukuratira WCPP agarikwija kukyendeeza okushohozibwa okuhikire omu mwanya gw‘okuzibira (na munonga aha mbeera z‘okukoresa ahu EPA erikuteekateeka ngu WCPP n‘omuringo ogundi gw‘okubanza, erikuteekateekwaho omu kiragiro ekirikuteekateekwaho ku Stahol omu okubaasa kw‘ebyetengo bya WCPP n‘okuteekateeka aha kukuratira omutindo gwa OSHA ogwa methylene chloride.
Obwire: Abakwatsirweho nibabaasa kuteekateeka yaaba enteekateeka y‘okuzibira etebekanisiibwe neebaasika kandi enkozesa ezindi nizibaasa kuteekateekwaho ahabw‘okushohozibwa kw‘okukoresa kw‘amaani omu bwire obukye kurugiirira aha biragiro by‘okushohozibwa kw‘okukoresa kw‘amaani.
Ebindi: Abakwatsirweho nibabaasa kugamba aha kucondooza kwa EPA aha miringo endiijo ey‘okukoresa omu mwanya gwa methylene chloride kandi bareebe yaaba hariho emiringo endiijo erikubaasika, erimu oburinzi bw‘okuhindura aha nkozesa ezizibiirwe ezirikuteekateekwaho ahansi y‘ebiragiro.
Emiringo y‘ahansi: EPA eshabire omu bwijwire ebiteekateeko aha mubaro gw‘ebintu ebirikubaasa kuremwa n‘esente ezirikugikwataho, kandi neezibira okukoresa dichloromethane omu mbeera ezimwe z‘okukoresa omu makorero n‘eby‘obushuubuzi ezirikworekwa omu kiragiro ekirikuteekateekwaho. EPA nayo neyenda kugamba aha nshonga y’okugira ngu emihendo y’ahansi ya methylene chloride (nk’eky’okureeberaho 0.1% nari 0.5%) omu miringo emwe ey’okukoresa omu makorero n’eby’obushuubuzi eshemerire kuteekateekwaho baaba nibahendera okuzibira, kandi kyaba kiri kityo, ni mihendo ki eshemerire kutwarwa nk’etari y’ahansi munonga.
Okuha orusa n’okutendeka: Omu kiteiso kyayo, EPA ekashoboorora ngu ekateekateeka n’aha rulengo oru puroguraamu z’okuha orusa n’okuzibira okutunga orusa zirikuzibira okukoresa methylene chloride aha batendekirwe n’abaine orusa kureeba ngu abakozi b’ebimera abamwe bonka nibo barikubaasa kugura n’okukoresa dichloromethane. Abakwatsirweho nibabaasa kwenda kugamba aha ku enteekateeka z‘okuha orusa n‘okutendeka zirikubaasa kukora gye omu kukyendeeza aha kukwatwaho kw‘abakozi nk‘enkora y‘okureeberera akabi ahansi y‘embeera ezimwe z‘okukoresa, obariiremu embeera z‘okukoresa ezi EPA erikuteekateeka kuzibira.
Okwejunisa obumanyi bwe nk’omuhabuzi w’omu nju kandi nk’omuramuzi w’omuntu wenka, Javane naahwera abashuubuzi omu nshonga z’okukuratira ebiragiro by’emibazi, eby’obuhangwa n’ebiragiro.
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