Enyuguta ezirikwejumba omu kukora kw’obutafaari bw’omubiri oburikurwanisa endwara ziine emiringo y’okworeka etarikushushana omu bwongo bw’abantu abaine oburemeezi obumwe obw’omu bwongo n’obw’omu mutwe, otwariiremu n’oburwaire bwa autism, kurugiirira aha kucondooza okusya okwakozirwe aha nkumi n’enkumi z’abantu bwanyima y’okufa kw’obwongo.
Omuri 1,275 eby‘obutafaari bw‘omubiri oburikurwanisa endwara ebyacondooziibwe, 765 (60%) bikaba birikworekwa munonga nari ahansi omu bwongo bw‘abantu bakuru abaine bumwe aha buremeezi mukaaga: oburwaire bwa autism, schizophrenia, oburwaire bwa bipolar, okwehwa amatsiko, endwara ya Alzheimer, nari endwara ya Parkinson. Omucondoozi orikwebembera Chunyu Liu, omuhangu omu by’obujanjabi bw’omu mutwe n’emitwarize aha yunivasite ya Northern State Medical University omuri Syracuse, New York, akagira ngu emiringo egi y’okushoboorora ebigambo neetaanira kimwe kurugiirira aha mbeera, ekirikumanyisa ngu buri emwe eine “emikono” y’omutaano.
Okurugirira ahari Liu, okureebeka kw’ebicweka by’omubiri ebirikurwanisa endwara nikubaasa kukora nk’akamanyiso k’okuzimba. Okukora kw‘obutafaari bw‘omubiri oku, namunonga omu nda, nikukwatagana n‘oburwaire bwa autism, n‘obu omuringo ogu burikubaho buraabe butarikwetegyerezibwa gye.
“Ekiteekateeko kyangye n’okugira ngu obutafaari bw’omubiri oburikurwanisa endwara nibukora kihango omu ndwara z’obwongo,” Liu nikwo arikugira. “N’omuzaani mukuru.”
Christopher Coe, omuhangu omu by'amagara g'abantu aha yunivasite ya Wisconsin-Madison, owaabaire atari omu kucondooza oku, agizire ngu tikirikubaasika kwetegyereza kuruga omu kucondooza oku yaaba okukora kw'obutafaari bw'omubiri nikukora kihango omu kureetaho endwara yoona nari endwara ahabwayo. eki kikareetera empindahinduka omu kukora kw‘obutafaari bw‘omubiri. Omurimo.
Liu na tiimu ye bakashwijuma emiringo y’okureebeka kw’ebicweka by’omubiri ebirikurwanisa endwara 1,275 omu bishushani by’obwongo 2,467 ebyakozirwe bwanyima y’okufa, otwariiremu abantu 103 abaine oburwaire bwa autism n’abantu 1,178 abaine oburwaire bwa autism. Ebihandiiko bikaruga omu bihandiiko bibiri eby’ebihandiiko, ArrayExpress na Gene Expression Omnibus, hamwe n’okuruga omu kucondooza okundi okwabandize kushohozibwa.
Omutindo gw‘okureebeka kw‘ebicweka 275 eby‘omubiri omu bwongo bw‘abarwaire ba autistic nigutaanira kimwe n‘ogw‘omu guruupu y‘okukyebera; Obwongo bw‘abarwaire ba Alzheimer bwine obutafaari 638 oburikworekwa omu miringo etarikushushana, burakuratirwa oburwaire bw‘okutambura (220), Parkinson (97), oburwaire bwa bipolar (58), n‘okwehwa amatsiko (27).
Emiringo y‘okworeka ekaba neehinduka munonga omu bashaija abaine oburwaire bwa autism kukira omu bakazi abaine oburwaire bwa autism, kandi obwongo bw‘abakazi abaine okwehwa amatsiko bukaba nibutandukaana munonga kukira obw‘abashaija abaine okwehwa amatsiko. Embeera ina ezisigaireho tizaayorekire ntaaniso omu by‘obuhangwa.
Enkora y‘okworeka ebirikukwatagana n‘oburwaire bwa autism neetwijutsya munonga oburemeezi bw‘ebihaha nka Alzheimer na Parkinson kukira oburemeezi obundi obw‘omu mutwe. Omu kushoboorora, oburemeezi bw‘ebihaha bwine kuba bwine obumanyirizi bw‘omubiri gw‘obwongo, nk‘okufeerwa kw‘obumanyiso bw‘obutafaari bw‘omubiri oburikwetwa dopaminergic neurons omu ndwara ya Parkinson. Abacondooza tibakashoboroire aha nkora egi ey’oburwaire bwa autism.
“Oku [okushushana] nikutuha obuhabuzi obundi obu turikwetenga kucondoozaho kwonka,” Liu nikwo arikugira. “Shana eizooba rimwe nitwija kwetegyereza gye eby’endwara.”
Enyuguta ibiri, CRH na TAC1, zikaba nizikira kuhindurwa omu ndwara ezi: CRH ekaba neekyendeera omu ndwara zoona okwihaho endwara ya Parkinson, kandi TAC1 ekaba neekyendeera omu ndwara zoona okwihaho okwehwa amatsiko. Enyuguta zombi nizikwata aha kukora kwa microglia, obutafaari bw’obwongo oburikurwanisa endwara.
Coe akagira ngu okukora kwa microglia okutari kwa buriijo nikubaasa “kushiisha okukora kw’obutafaari bw’omubiri obuhikire n’okukora kw’obutafaari bw’omubiri,” omu muringo nigwo gumwe kuteganisa emirimo y’obutafaari bw’omubiri omu mbeera zitari zimwe na zimwe.
Okucondooza okwakozirwe omu mwaka gwa 2018 aha nyama z’obwongo bwanyima y’okufa kukashanga ngu obutafaari oburikukwatagana n’obutafaari bw’omubiri oburikwetwa astrocytes n’okukora kwa synaptic nibushushana omu bantu abaine oburwaire bwa autism, schizophrenia, nari oburwaire bwa bipolar. Kwonka okucondooza oku kukashanga ngu obutafaari bwa microglial bukaba nibukirayo omu barwaire abaine oburwaire bwa autism bonka.
Abantu abaine obutafaari bw’omubiri oburikurwanisa endwara oburikukiraho nibabaasa kugira “endwara y’okuzimba kw’obutafaari bw’omubiri,” nikwo Michael Benros, omwebembezi w’okwega oku kandi omuhangu omu by’amagara g’abantu n’eby’obwengye obuhikire aha Yunivasite ya Copenhagen omuri Denmark, owaabaire atarikwejumba omu murimo ogu, yaagizire.
”Nikibaasa kuba nikishemeza kugyezaho kumanya ebicweka ebi ebirikubaasa kubaho kandi okabiha obujanjabi obundi obuhikire,” Benroth nikwo arikugira.
Okucondooza oku kukashanga ngu empindahinduka nyingi omu kumanyisa ezirikureebeka omu bishushani by’emisi y’obwongo zikaba zitarimu omu bihandiiko by’okumanyisa ebiri omu nkora y’okumanyisa ebiri omu nkora y’eshagama kuruga omu bantu abaine endwara niyo emwe. Ekirugire omu kucondooza oku “ekitari ky’okuteekateekwaho” nikyoreka obukuru bw’okwega aha ntebeekanisa y’obwongo, nikwo Cynthia Schumann, omuhangu omu by’obwengye n’emitwarize omu itendekyero rya MIND Institute omuri UC Davis, owaabaire atarikwejumba omu kucondooza oku, yaagizire.
Liu na tiimu ye bariyo nibombeka eby’okureeberaho by’obutafaari kubaasa kushoboorora gye yaaba okuzimba n’ekintu ekirikureetaho endwara z’obwongo.
Ekihandiiko eki kikabanza kyashohozibwa aha mukutu gwa Spectrum, omukutu gw‘amakuru ogurikwebembera aha kucondooza aha ndwara ya autism. Yetegyereze ekihandiiko eki: 10.53053/UWCJ7407