Ekicweka ky’aheeru ekirikukwatira hamwe eky’ebizimba n’obukooko, ekirikwetwa “extracellular matrix” nari ECM, kiine obutafaari oburikushushana n’eky’omubiri kandi nikikora nk’ekicweka ky’okwerinda n’ekigogo. Kwonka kurugiirira aha kucondooza okukozirwe juba omu katabo aka iScience, okwakozirwe Yunivasite ya Massachusetts Amherst omu kukwatanisa na Worcester Polytechnic Institute, ECM y’obukooko obumwe neekora ekirungo kya gel (gel) kyaba kirimu oxalic acid nari asidi ezindi ezoorobi zonka. Ahabw‘okugira ngu ECM neekora omurimo muhango omu buri kimwe kuruga aha kuhakanisa emibazi y‘okurwanisa obukooko kuhika aha mipiira erikuzibirwa n‘okushiisha eby‘okukoresa omu by‘obujanjabi, okwetegyereza oku obukooko obukye burikukora aha nkora yaabo y‘okuteerana (sticky gel layers) kwine ebirugiremu bingi omu magara gaitu ga buriijo.

Barry Goodell, omuhangu omu by’obuhangwa obukye munonga aha Yunivasite ya Massachusetts Amherst kandi omuhandiiki mukuru w’orupapura oru akagira ati: “Ntwire ninkunda munonga ECMs ezirimu obukooko obukye munonga.” "Abantu nibakira kuteekateeka ngu ECM n'ekicweka ky'aheeru ekitarikukora ekirikurinda obukooko obukye. Kwonka nikibaasa n'okukora nk'omuhanda gw'ebiriisa n'enzigye omu butafaari bw'obukooko obukye n'okuruga omu butafaari obukye."
Ekijwaro eki nikikora emirimo mingi: okuhamira kwakyo nikimanyisa ngu obukooko obukye buri omwe nibubaasa kweteerana hamwe kuhangaho amahanga nari “biofilms”, kandi obukooko obukye oburikumara bwakora eki, nibubaasa kuzibira emipiira nari kushiisha eby’okukoresa omu by’obujanjabi.
Kwonka ekibunu nakyo kiine kuba nikibaasa kurabamu: obukooko bwingi nibusheesha enzymes zitari zimwe na zimwe n’ebindi bihingwa kuruga omu ECM, omu kintu eki burikwenda kurya nari okukwatwa (nk’ebiti ebivuzire nari enyama z’omugongo), reero, enzymes ku zirikuheza kukora omurimo gwazo, omurimo gw’okugabura – kugaruraho ebiriisa kurabira omu ECM.
Eki nikimanyisa ngu ECM ti n’ekicweka ky’okwerinda ekitaine amaani kyonka; Omu mazima, nk’oku Goodell na bagyenzi be baayorekire, obukooko obukye nibureebeka nk’obuine obushoboorozi bw’okutegyeka obutafaari bwa ECM yaabo n’ahabw’ekyo okubaasa kurabamu. Nibakikora bata?
Omu nfuuzi, ekirikurugamu nikireebeka nk’ekirikureeta oxalic acid, asidi y’ebihangwa erikukira kubaho omu buhangwa omu bimera bingi, kandi nk’oku Goodell na bagyenzi be baazoora, obukooko obukye bwingi nibureebeka nk’oburikukoresa oxalic acid ei burikusheeshasheesha kukwatira hamwe n’ebicweka by’aheeru eby’ebiriisa ebirimu ebiriisa. okuhanga ekintu ekirikukwatira hamwe. , ECM eri nk’ey’ekijuma.
Kwonka ekibiina eki ku kyareebire gye, bakashanga ngu oxalic acid terikuhwera omu kureetaho ECM yonka, kureka “neegitebeekanisa”: oxalic acid oku obukooko obukye bwabaire nibweyongyera omu ntaburwa ya carbohydrate-acid, nikwo ECM erikweyongyera kuba ey’omubiri. ECM ku erikweyongyera kuba ey’omubiri, nikwo erikweyongyera kuzibira molekyu empango kutaaha nari kuruga omu kakoko, kandi molekyu nkye niziguma ziine obugabe kutaaha omu kakoko kuruga omu by’obuhangwa n’ekindi.
Okuzoora oku nikuhakanisa okwetegyereza kwa sayansi okw’obuhangwa oku emiringo etari emwe n’emwe y’ebirungo ebirikuruga omu nshaho n’obukooko obukye buzima birikuruga omu bukooko obu obukye bikaza omu by’obuhangwa. Goodell na bagyenzi be bakagira ngu omu mbeera ezimwe obukooko obukye nibubaasa kwesiga munonga okushohoza obucweka bukye munonga kubaasa kutaahirira omubiri nari omubiri ogu obukooko oburikwesiga kubaasa kugumaho nari kukwatwa endwara. Eki nikimanyisa ngu okushohoza obucweka bukye nakwo nikubaasa kukora kihango omu kureetaho endwara zaaba enzymes empango zitarikubaasa kuraba omu nkora y‘obutafaari bw‘omubiri oburikwetwa microbial extracellular matrix.
“Nikireebeka ngu hariho omwanya gwa rwagati,” Goodell akagira, “ahu obukooko obukye burikubaasa kutegyeka emihendo ya asidi kubaasa kumanyiira embeera emwe, kuguma n’emwe aha molekyu empango, nk’enzigye, obwo burikwikiriza molekyu nkye kuraba omu ECM omu muringo gworobi. emibazi y’okurwanisa obukooko, ahabw’okuba enyingi aha mibazi egi erimu obutafaari bwingi munonga. Obushoboorozi obu obw‘okukora ebintu nk‘oku orikwenda nibwo burikubaasa kuba ekishumuruzo ky‘okusingura kimwe aha bizibu ebikuru omu kujanjaba obukooko oburikureeta endwara, nk‘oku okuhindura ECM kugihindura erikubaasa kuraba gye nikibaasa kutunguura oburungi bw‘emibazi y‘okurwanisa obukooko n‘obukooko oburikureeta endwara.

“Ku turaabe nitubaasa kutegyeka biosynthesis n’okushohoza asidi nkye nka oxalate omu bukooko obumwe, obwo nitubaasa n’okutegyeka ebirikuza omu bukooko obukye, ekirikubaasa kutubaasisa kujanjaba gye endwara nyingi ezirikureetwa obukooko obukye,” Goodell nikwo arikugira.
Omu Kwaikumi-n’abiri 2022, omuhangu omu by’amagara g’abantu Yasu Morita akatunga obuhwezi kuruga omu kitongore ky’eby’amagara eky’eihanga kushagika okucondooza okwahererukireyo kugyendereire kukora obujanjabi busya, oburikukora gye obw’akafuba.

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