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Okugumizamu kw'eby'entaasya kushaba amajuta g'omwika mwingi kiretsireho okweyongyera kwa kaboni dioxide (CO2) omu mwanya. N’obu haraabe hariho okuteeraho kukyendeeza aha nshaho y’omwika ogurikwetwa carbon dioxide, tikurikumara kugaruraho akabi akarikuruga omu gaasi egyo ebaire eri omu mwanya.
Nahabwekyo abanyasayansi bakozire emiringo y’obuhanguzi ey’okukozesa omuyaga ogubaire guri omu mwanya barikuguhindura omu bihingwa by’omugasho nka formic acid (HCOOH) na methanol. Okukyendeeza aha mushana gw’omuyaga ogurikukoresa omushana ogurikureebwa n’omuringo ogurikukira kukozesebwa omu kuhindura nk’okwo.
Ekibiina kya abanyasayansi kuruga omu itendekyero rya Tokyo, ekirikwebemberwa Purofeesa Kazuhiko Maeda, kikozire entunguuka mpango kandi kyakihandiika omu kitabo ky’ensi yoona “Angewandte Chemie” ekyahandiikirwe ebiro 8 Okwakataano 2023.
Bakakora omutindo gw’ebyoma n’ebintu (MOF) ebirikwegamira aha tin ebirikubaasisa okutoorana ebishushani by’omuyaga ogurikwetwa carbon dioxide. Abacondoozi nibakora MOF ensya erikwegamira aha tin (Sn) erimu enkora y’eby’obuhangwa [SnII2(H3ttc)2.MeOH]n (H3ttc: asidi y’omubiri n’eby’okurya ebirimu ebiriisa by’omubiri).
Ebirikureebeka gye munonga ebirikwegamira aha mushana gwa CO2 photocatalysts nibikoresa ebyoma by’omuhendo ebitarikukira kureebwa nk’ebicweka byabyo ebikuru. Ekindi, okuta omu nkora emirimo y’okunywanisa omushana n’okureetaho okuhinduka kw’ebintu omu kicweka kimwe ekirimu ebyoma bingi, nikiguma kiri ekizibu ekimazire obwire buraingwa. Nahabwekyo, Sn n’omuntu ohikire ahabw’okuba naabaasa kumaraho ebizibu byombi.
MOFs nizo zirikukirayo oburungi omu by’ekyoma n’ebintu ebiine amagara, kandi MOFs nizikyeberwa nk’omuringo ogundi ogw’ekibira kukira eby’obuhangwa eby’omu itaka ebitarikukira kureebwa.
Sn n’ekintu ekirikubaasa kutooranwa aha bikwatiraine n’okuteera ebishushani ebirikwegamira ahari MOF ahabw’okuba nikibaasa kukora nk’ekikwato ky’okuteera ebishushani n’okusheenya omu bwire bw’okukora ebishushani. N’obu MOF ezirimu lead, iron, na zirconium ziraabe zikyebeirwe munonga, tihariho bingi ebirikumanywa aha MOF ezirimu tin.
H3ttc, MeOH na tin chloride bikakoresibwa nk’ebirungo by’okutandikiraho kutebeekanisa MOF KGF-10 erikwegamira aha tin, kandi abacondoozi bakacwamu kukoresa 1,3-dimethyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole. nikikora nk’omugabi wa electron kandi n’entandikwa ya haidrojeni.
Ekirugiremu KGF-10 bwanyima nikiteebwa omu miringo etari emwe n‘emwe y‘okukyebera. Bakashanga ngu ekintu eki kiine bandgap ya 2.5 eV, nikinywanisa omushana ogurikureebeka, kandi kiine obushoboorozi bw’okunywanisa omuyaga gwa carbon dioxide ogw’omutaano.
Abanyasayansi ku baaherize kwetegyereza oku ekintu eki ekisya kiri omu mubiri n’omu miringo y’eby’obuhangwa, bakakikoresa kuhwera omu kukyendeeza omuyaga ogurikwetwa carbon dioxide omu bwire bw’omushana ogurikureebwa. Bakashanga ngu KGF-10 neebaasa kuhindura CO2 omu formate (HCOO–) omu muringo murungi kandi ogutoorainwe n’obushoboorozi oburikuhika ahari 99% hatariho kwetenga ebindi bihingwa ebirikureetera omushana nari ebiriisa ebirikureetaho okuhurira.
Kandi eine n’omubaro gw’ebintu ebirikureebeka gye (omubaro gw’ebiriisa ebirikwejumba omu kugarukamu n’omubaro gwona ogw’ebiriisa ebirikubaho) bya 9.8% aha wavelength ya 400 nm. Ekindi, okucondooza aha nkora okwakozirwe omu bwire bwona obw’okugarukamu kukareebeka ngu KGF-10 ekatunga empindahinduka omu nkora ezaabaire nizitunguura okukyendeeza kw’ebishushani.
Okucondooza oku nikworeka omurundi gw’okubanza ekikwato ky’okuteera ebishushani ekirikukora gye munonga, ekirimu ekicweka kimwe, ekitarimu byoma by’omuhendo, ekirikukoresibwa omu nshaho y’okujanjaaza okuhindura omuyaga gwa carbon dioxide kuba formate. Ebintu by’okutangaaza ebya KGF-10 ebyashangirwe ekibiina eki nibikingura emiringo mirungi y’okugikozesa nk’ekintu ekirikureetaho okureeba omu miringo nk’okukyendeeza aha CO2 erikuruga omu itaka barikukoresa amaani g’eizooba.
Purofeesa Maeda akahendera ati: “Ebyarugire omu kucondooza kwaitu nibyoreka ngu MOFs nizibaasa kukora nk’omusingi gw’okukoresa ebyoma ebitari by’obutwa, eby’omuhendo mukye, kandi ebiri omu nsi kuhangaho emirimo y’ahaiguru ey’okukoresa ebyoma ebitarikubaasa kuhikirizibwa omu muringo gw’omutaano orikukoresa ebyoma ebigumire.”
Kamakura Y et al (2023) Ebyoma-ebihangirwe ebirikwegamira ahari Tin(II) nibibaasisa okukyendeeza gye kandi okutoorana omuyaga gwa kaboni kuhika aha kuhangwa ahansi y’omushana ogurikureebwa. Chemistry erikukoresibwa, Empapura z’ensi yoona. 10.1002/202305923
Omu kubuuzabuuza oku, Dr. Stuart Wright, omuhangu omu bya sayansi omu Gatan/EDAX, naagaaniira na AZoMaterials aha nkora nyingi z’okujanjaaza eby’obuhangwa (EBSD) omu bya sayansi y’ebintu n’eby’ekyoma.
Omukigaaniiro eki, AZoM neegamba aha myaka 30 erikutangaaza ei Avantes emazire omu kucondooza aha rangi, obutumwa bwabo n’ebiro by’omumaisho eby’omuringo gw’ebintu ebi barikukora hamwe na Manegya w’ebintu bya Avantes Ger Loop.
Omukigaaniiro eki, AZoM neegamba na Andrew Storey owa LECO aha kucondooza okurikukwata aha kusheeshasheesha kw’omushana n’obushoboorozi oburikuheebwa LECO GDS950.
Kamera za ClearView® ezirikukora gye munonga nizitunguura okukora kw’eby’okureeberaho ebirikukoresibwa buriijo (TEM).
XRF Scientific Orbis Laboratory Jaw Crusher n’ekikwato ky’okusharaho ebirungi ekiine emirimo ebiri kandi oburungi bwakyo bw’okusharaho ebishaju nibubaasa kukyendeeza aha bugabe bw’eky’okureeberaho emirundi 55 kukira obuhango bwakyo obw’okubanza.
Yega aha bikwatiraine n’ekikwato kya Bruer ekya Hysitron PI 89 SEM, ekikwato ky’omurembe eky’okucondooza aha nkora y’okucondooza ebiri omu mwanya.
Akatare k’ensi yoona aka semiconductor kataahire omu bwire bw’okushemererwa. Okwetengyesa kwa tekinologiya ya chip kureeteire n’okuremesa eby’obushuubuzi, kandi okubura chip okuriho hati nikuteekateekwaho kugumizamu kumara obwire. Emize eriho hati erabaasa kuhindura eby’omumaisho by’eby’obushuubuzi, kandi omuze ogu nigwija kugumizamu nigukurakurana.
Entaaniso mpango eri ahagati ya bateri za graphene na bateri z’omubiri ogugumire n’ebiri omu buri kimwe ekirikukora nk’ekyoma. N’obu katodi eraabe neekira kuhindurwa, allotropes za carbon nazo nizibaasa kukoresibwa kukora anodes.
Omu myaka ehweire, Intaneeti y’ebintu ekatandikwa omu bwangu haihi omu makorero goona, kwonka n’eky’omugasho munonga omu makorero g’emotoka z’amashanyarazi.